Difference between revisions of "Category:Europe"

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While the BBC had moderate success selling '''Doctor Who''' to Mediterranean countries such as [[Malta]] and [[Cyprus]] in the 1960s, it had only limited success in selling the series to continental Europe.  
+
Under certain atmospheric conditions, and with the right equipment (i.e. modified aerials), viewers in [[Belgium]], the western provinces of the [[Netherlands]], and some parts of northern [[France]] were able to receive BBC signals (albeit weak) from across the English Channel, so some residents could have seen the odd episode of '''Doctor Who''' "live" (albeit in English) during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Some of these countries later had BBC1 and BBC2 available on their subscriber-only cable networks.  
  
By mid-1965, the BBC had unsuccessfully offered the series to [[Yugoslavia]], [[Italy]], [[Finland]], [[Sweden]], the [[Netherlands]], [[Switzerland]] and [[Germany]].  
+
The [[Peter Cushing]] Dalek movies were released in a number of European countries, either dubbed or subtitled. For some, this was the '''only''' form of '''Doctor Who''' they had.  
  
By mid-1966, BBC Enterprises had created "Music / Effects" only soundtracks that enabled episodes to be dubbed into other languages (see interview with [[Eddie Montague]]); the series could once again be offered to countries in Europe.
 
  
But despite the first three serials being sent from [[New Zealand]] to [[Denmark]] for auditioning in March 1968, the BBC failed to achieve a sale there, and [[The Ice Warriors]] was auditioned in [[Germany]] two months later, again without a resulting sale. 
+
'''Selling Doctor Who - 1960s'''
  
The [[Netherlands]] eventually picked up a limited run of [[Tom Baker stories]] in 1975.  
+
While the BBC had moderate success selling the '''Doctor Who''' TV series to Mediterranean Commonwealth countries such as [[Gibraltar]], [[Malta]] and [[Cyprus]] in the 1960s, it had only limited success in selling the series to continental Europe.  
  
While [[Gibraltar]] kept up with the series on a regular basis (from 1965 to 1986), since that was a territory of England and broadcast in English, it doesn't really count!
+
Of the three named above, while [[Malta]] made a very short-lived comeback in 1979, only [[Gibraltar]] kept up with the series on a regular basis well into the late 80s. 
  
 +
By mid-1965, the BBC had unsuccessfully offered stories from the first two William Hartnell seasons to [[Yugoslavia]], [[Italy]], [[Finland]], [[Sweden]], the [[Netherlands]], [[Switzerland]] and [[Germany]], but these offers were not taken up, probably because the episodes could only be supplied in English.
 +
 +
But by mid-1966, BBC Enterprises went to great trouble and effort to create "Music / Effects" only soundtracks that enabled episodes to be dubbed into other languages (see interview with [[Eddie Montague]]); the series could once again be offered to countries in Europe. (It's highly likely that the BBC had wanted to sell the recently dubbed  [[Spanish]] episodes to [[Spain]].)
 +
 +
But despite the first three serials being sent from [[New Zealand]] to [[Denmark]] for auditioning in March 1968, [[The Ice Warriors]] being auditioned by [[Germany]] two months later, and an unidentified story (possibly with the Daleks) being auditioned in [[Norway]] in 1967 or 68, the BBC still failed to achieve any sales. ([[Norway]] had rejected the series due to the cost, and [[Germany]] due to the poor production values.)
 +
 +
 +
'''Selling Doctor Who - 1970s'''
 +
 +
The [[Netherlands]] eventually picked up a limited run of [[Tom Baker stories]] in 1975. (The UK became a full member of the European Economic Community (EEC) from 1 January 1973, which may account for this renewed (albeit limited) interest in the programme.)
 +
 +
And residents living in the British Sector of West [[Germany]] were able to view the UK military channel [[BFBS]] from September 1975 onwards. Several years later, this channel also became available in south-eastern regions of the [[Netherlands]].
 
[[File:Europe terrifying.jpg|thumb|800px|right|28 February 1977 Daily Mail article (image courtesy of Peter Haining's ''The Key to Time'')]]  
 
[[File:Europe terrifying.jpg|thumb|800px|right|28 February 1977 Daily Mail article (image courtesy of Peter Haining's ''The Key to Time'')]]  
 
According to the ''Daily Mail'', issue dated 28 February 1977, the reason for this lack of interest on the continent was because '''"Dr Who is too terrifying for Europe"'''.  
 
According to the ''Daily Mail'', issue dated 28 February 1977, the reason for this lack of interest on the continent was because '''"Dr Who is too terrifying for Europe"'''.  
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This newspaper article declared that: "DR WHO... will not be seen by European youngsters. He is too terrifying. "Our television is regarded as being too violent by the rest of Europe," Mr Brian Keyser, assistant head of sales for BBC Enterprises, said yesterday. "We have found it impossible to sell ''Dr Who''..." Mr Keyser was speaking in Brighton, where the BBC presented a showcase of TV programmes for European buyers yesterday in the hope of raising £500,000. ''Dr Who'' will be shown to the delegates from 30 countries at Brighton this week. It has been sold in [[Canada]] and [[Australia]], but there it is classified as adult-only viewing..."   
 
This newspaper article declared that: "DR WHO... will not be seen by European youngsters. He is too terrifying. "Our television is regarded as being too violent by the rest of Europe," Mr Brian Keyser, assistant head of sales for BBC Enterprises, said yesterday. "We have found it impossible to sell ''Dr Who''..." Mr Keyser was speaking in Brighton, where the BBC presented a showcase of TV programmes for European buyers yesterday in the hope of raising £500,000. ''Dr Who'' will be shown to the delegates from 30 countries at Brighton this week. It has been sold in [[Canada]] and [[Australia]], but there it is classified as adult-only viewing..."   
  
A few years later, a couple of countries - [[Denmark]] and [[Italy]] - did sample some [[Tom Baker stories]] in 1979/1980. But it really wasn't until the "Third Wave" in the late 1980s, that the BBC made any real breakthrough with selling the good Doctor to major players in Europe, such as [[France]], [[Turkey]], [[Spain]], [[Greece]], [[Poland]] and [[Germany]].  
+
A few years later, two more European countries - [[Denmark]] and [[Italy]] - did sample some [[Tom Baker stories]] in 1979/1980. But it really wasn't until the "Third Wave" in the late 1980s, that the BBC made any real breakthrough with selling the good Doctor (mostly Tom Baker) to major players in Europe, such as [[France]], [[Turkey]], [[Spain]], [[Greece]], [[Poland]] and [[Germany]]. (Some of these sales would have only been possible after the BBC made 'dialogue-free' versions of the early Baker stories (initially for the sale to [[France]] in 1986) allowing for the programme to be dubbed into other languages.)
 +
 
 +
 
 +
'''Selling Doctor Who - 1980s'''
 +
 
 +
In '''DWB''' issue 43 (May 1987), there is a report that a sale was made to [[Spain]] "at the recent European TV Fair, months after [[France]] did a U-turn". At this TV fair - presumably the annual [[wikipedia:MIPCOM|MIPCOM]] which was held from 17-21 October 1986 - it would seem that the BBC was successful in selling the series to a number of other European countries.
  
In '''DWB''' issue 43 (May 1987), there is a report that a sale was made to [[Spain]] "at the recent European TV Fair, months after [[France]] did a U-turn". At this TV fair (presumably [[wikipedia:MIPCOM|MIPCOM]] held in Cannes in October every year, the first of which was in 1985), it would seem that the BBC was successful in selling the series to a number of European countries.
+
It was later reported in '''DWM''' #151 (August 1989) that the sale to [[Germany]] was due to the annual BBC Showcase held at Brighton in February. It's likely that other foreign sales were also completed at that time.  
  
It was reported in '''DWM''' #151 (August 1989) that the sale to [[Germany]] was due to the annual BBC Showcase held in Brighton. It's likely that other foreign sales were also completed at that time...  
+
Also a major factor in boosting sales interest in Europe and elsewhere during the late 1980s was the introduction of a new and simplified royalties-based system of payments for members of Actors' Equity and the Musicians' Union which opened up more international markets to the BBC.
  
  
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'''WAVE ONE'''
 
'''WAVE ONE'''
* [[Gibraltar]] (1965)
+
* [[Gibraltar]] (1965-66) ++
* [[Malta]] (1965)
+
* [[Malta]] (1965-66) ++
 
* [[Cyprus]] (1966)
 
* [[Cyprus]] (1966)
  
'''WAVE TWO'''
+
 
 +
'''WAVE TWO''' (post UK entry into the EEC)
 +
* [[Gibraltar]] (1973-1986) ++
 
* [[Netherlands]] (1975)
 
* [[Netherlands]] (1975)
 
* [[Denmark]] (1979)
 
* [[Denmark]] (1979)
* [[Italy]] (1980)
+
* [[Malta]] (1979) ++
 +
* [[Italy]]
 +
* [[Monaco]] (1983)
 +
* [[France]] (1986) ^^
 +
* [[Yugoslavia]] (1986)
 +
 
 +
 
 +
++ Both [[Gibraltar]] and [[Malta]] had 'dropped' the series in 1966, but returned to it in the early 1970s, hence they are listed twice.
 +
 
 +
^^ Although the series didn't air in [[France]] until 1989, the episodes were acquired and dubbed in 1986.
 +
 
  
'''WAVE THREE''' (after the European TV fair)
+
'''WAVE THREE''' (after the October 1986 MIPCOM and February 1987 BBC Showcase)
* [[Yugoslavia]] (1986)
 
 
* [[Greece]] (1986)
 
* [[Greece]] (1986)
 
* [[Spain]] (1988)
 
* [[Spain]] (1988)
 
* [[Turkey]] (1988)
 
* [[Turkey]] (1988)
* [[France]] (1989)
 
 
* [[Germany]] (1989)
 
* [[Germany]] (1989)
* [[Poland]] (1990s)
 
 
* [[Sweden]] (1996)
 
* [[Sweden]] (1996)
 +
* [[Poland]] (1990s?) (2002)
 +
 +
 +
Signal drift also meant that these stations could be received in neighbouring countries, and as such the series was available in [[Belgium]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Switzerland]], [[Austria]], [[Hungary]], [[Portugal]], and likely also in the small nations of '''San Marino, the Vatican City''' and '''Liechtenstein'''.
 +
 +
In the late 1990s, several Eastern European countries, such as the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Croatia]], aired just the [[TV Movie]], which had its distribution to foreign markets through Universal Television rather than the BBC.
 +
 +
 +
'''CABLE AND SATELLITE'''
 +
 +
From the mid-1980s, Europe was also served by a number of UK-based [[:Category:Cable and Satellite| Cable and Satellite]] stations, such as '''[[Super Channel]]''', '''[[BBC World Service Television Europe|BBC World Service]]''' and '''[[BBC Prime]]'''.
  
The UK became a full member of the European Economic Community (EEC) from 1 January 1973, which would probably account for the successful WAVE TWO sales in the mid-70s.
+
Direct cable feeds from the UK were also available in parts of western Europe, bringing BBC1 and BBC2 to them "live".  
  
From the late 1980s, Europe was also served by a number of UK-based [[:Category:Cable and Satellite| Cable and Satellite]] stations, such as '''Super Channel''', '''BBC Prime''', and '''BSB''', plus European stations like '''TV4 SF'''; for some countries in Europe, this was the only method by which they could see '''Doctor Who'''...   
+
European-based satellite and cable stations - such as [[Germany]]'s '''RTL-Plus''' and Scandinavia's '''[[TV4 Science Fiction]]''', both of which showed selected serials - were available across western and eastern Europe. For some countries, these channels were the '''only''' places they could see '''Doctor Who'''...   
  
  
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Non country specific references to Europe have featured in the following stories:
 
Non country specific references to Europe have featured in the following stories:
 
+
*Ian mentions the Alps in [[Marco Polo]]
* There was an Ioniser Base in Europe ([[The Ice Warriors]]).
+
*Barbara refers to Hannibal coming over the Southern Alps in [[The Dalek Invasion of Earth]]
* Salamander was trying to seize control of the European Zone by creating earthquakes in Hungary ([[The Enemy of the World]]).
+
* Britannicus was the Ioniser Base for Europe ([[The Ice Warriors]])
* Euro Sea Gas operated the gas rig that was attacked by the weed creature ([[Fury from the Deep]]).
+
* Salamander was trying to seize control of the European Zone by creating earthquakes in Hungary ([[The Enemy of the World]])
 +
* Euro Sea Gas operated the gas rig that was attacked by the weed creature ([[Fury from the Deep]])
 +
*The Doctor says London was powered by the entire European grid ([[The Invisible Enemy]])
  
  
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**[[:Category:Central America|Central America]]
 
**[[:Category:Central America|Central America]]
 
**[[:Category:South America|South America]]
 
**[[:Category:South America|South America]]
.
 
 
 
.
 
.

Latest revision as of 20:52, 20 August 2022

Under certain atmospheric conditions, and with the right equipment (i.e. modified aerials), viewers in Belgium, the western provinces of the Netherlands, and some parts of northern France were able to receive BBC signals (albeit weak) from across the English Channel, so some residents could have seen the odd episode of Doctor Who "live" (albeit in English) during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Some of these countries later had BBC1 and BBC2 available on their subscriber-only cable networks.

The Peter Cushing Dalek movies were released in a number of European countries, either dubbed or subtitled. For some, this was the only form of Doctor Who they had.


Selling Doctor Who - 1960s

While the BBC had moderate success selling the Doctor Who TV series to Mediterranean Commonwealth countries such as Gibraltar, Malta and Cyprus in the 1960s, it had only limited success in selling the series to continental Europe.

Of the three named above, while Malta made a very short-lived comeback in 1979, only Gibraltar kept up with the series on a regular basis well into the late 80s.

By mid-1965, the BBC had unsuccessfully offered stories from the first two William Hartnell seasons to Yugoslavia, Italy, Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany, but these offers were not taken up, probably because the episodes could only be supplied in English.

But by mid-1966, BBC Enterprises went to great trouble and effort to create "Music / Effects" only soundtracks that enabled episodes to be dubbed into other languages (see interview with Eddie Montague); the series could once again be offered to countries in Europe. (It's highly likely that the BBC had wanted to sell the recently dubbed Spanish episodes to Spain.)

But despite the first three serials being sent from New Zealand to Denmark for auditioning in March 1968, The Ice Warriors being auditioned by Germany two months later, and an unidentified story (possibly with the Daleks) being auditioned in Norway in 1967 or 68, the BBC still failed to achieve any sales. (Norway had rejected the series due to the cost, and Germany due to the poor production values.)


Selling Doctor Who - 1970s

The Netherlands eventually picked up a limited run of Tom Baker stories in 1975. (The UK became a full member of the European Economic Community (EEC) from 1 January 1973, which may account for this renewed (albeit limited) interest in the programme.)

And residents living in the British Sector of West Germany were able to view the UK military channel BFBS from September 1975 onwards. Several years later, this channel also became available in south-eastern regions of the Netherlands.

28 February 1977 Daily Mail article (image courtesy of Peter Haining's The Key to Time)

According to the Daily Mail, issue dated 28 February 1977, the reason for this lack of interest on the continent was because "Dr Who is too terrifying for Europe".

This newspaper article declared that: "DR WHO... will not be seen by European youngsters. He is too terrifying. "Our television is regarded as being too violent by the rest of Europe," Mr Brian Keyser, assistant head of sales for BBC Enterprises, said yesterday. "We have found it impossible to sell Dr Who..." Mr Keyser was speaking in Brighton, where the BBC presented a showcase of TV programmes for European buyers yesterday in the hope of raising £500,000. Dr Who will be shown to the delegates from 30 countries at Brighton this week. It has been sold in Canada and Australia, but there it is classified as adult-only viewing..."

A few years later, two more European countries - Denmark and Italy - did sample some Tom Baker stories in 1979/1980. But it really wasn't until the "Third Wave" in the late 1980s, that the BBC made any real breakthrough with selling the good Doctor (mostly Tom Baker) to major players in Europe, such as France, Turkey, Spain, Greece, Poland and Germany. (Some of these sales would have only been possible after the BBC made 'dialogue-free' versions of the early Baker stories (initially for the sale to France in 1986) allowing for the programme to be dubbed into other languages.)


Selling Doctor Who - 1980s

In DWB issue 43 (May 1987), there is a report that a sale was made to Spain "at the recent European TV Fair, months after France did a U-turn". At this TV fair - presumably the annual MIPCOM which was held from 17-21 October 1986 - it would seem that the BBC was successful in selling the series to a number of other European countries.

It was later reported in DWM #151 (August 1989) that the sale to Germany was due to the annual BBC Showcase held at Brighton in February. It's likely that other foreign sales were also completed at that time.

Also a major factor in boosting sales interest in Europe and elsewhere during the late 1980s was the introduction of a new and simplified royalties-based system of payments for members of Actors' Equity and the Musicians' Union which opened up more international markets to the BBC.


SALES SUMMARY:

WAVE ONE


WAVE TWO (post UK entry into the EEC)


++ Both Gibraltar and Malta had 'dropped' the series in 1966, but returned to it in the early 1970s, hence they are listed twice.

^^ Although the series didn't air in France until 1989, the episodes were acquired and dubbed in 1986.


WAVE THREE (after the October 1986 MIPCOM and February 1987 BBC Showcase)


Signal drift also meant that these stations could be received in neighbouring countries, and as such the series was available in Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Portugal, and likely also in the small nations of San Marino, the Vatican City and Liechtenstein.

In the late 1990s, several Eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic and Croatia, aired just the TV Movie, which had its distribution to foreign markets through Universal Television rather than the BBC.


CABLE AND SATELLITE

From the mid-1980s, Europe was also served by a number of UK-based Cable and Satellite stations, such as Super Channel, BBC World Service and BBC Prime.

Direct cable feeds from the UK were also available in parts of western Europe, bringing BBC1 and BBC2 to them "live".

European-based satellite and cable stations - such as Germany's RTL-Plus and Scandinavia's TV4 Science Fiction, both of which showed selected serials - were available across western and eastern Europe. For some countries, these channels were the only places they could see Doctor Who...


Europe in Doctor Who

Non country specific references to Europe have featured in the following stories:


Links

.